Diabetes is a global public health concern in the 21st century. According to the report in the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas in 2015, 415 million adults suffer from diabetes globally. Although considerable progress has made in the treatment of diabetes, such as insulin administration, researchers are still looking for alternative therapeutic approaches, e.g. islet transplantation from cadaveric donors, for its radical cure. However, this approach is limited due to the scarcity of donors and availability of islet cells.